Medicine and Health Care

Free-Market Health Care

Anarcho-Medicine: Seeking Alternatives to State-Endorsed Medical Care
by Karen De Coster
An interview with holistic physician Dr. Michael Janson.

Are Medical Markets an Inherent Failure?
August 5, 2009
by William Anderson
"From an economic point of view, a scarce good is a scarce good, whether it is medical care or sirloin steak. The problem is that government has piled intervention on top of intervention, and driving up the costs and making care less available in the process. The “failure” of the present system is a government failure, period."

Black Market Medicine: An Ethical Alternative to State Control
by Dr. Louis Alphonse Crespo

Canada Sees Boom in Private Health Care Business
June 30, 2009
by Molly Line
"Facing long waits and substandard care, a growing number of Canadians are willing to pay for health treatment, leading to a booming private business in Canada -- a country often touted as a successful example of a universal health system."

Canada's Private Clinics Surge as Public System Falters
February 28, 2006
by Clifford Krauss
"Last December, provincial health ministers unveiled new targets for cutting wait times, including four weeks for radiation therapy for cancer patients beginning when doctors consider them ready for treatment and 26 weeks for hip replacements.
But few experts think that will stop the trend toward privatization."

Can health care function in a free market?
July 23, 2009
by James Leroy Wilson
"That's the paradox: socialism provides the "guarantee" that everyone should get some food, only it's not enough food; free markets don't make the guarantee that everyone is fed, but it does produce more than enough food for everyone."

Competition Would Save Medicine, Too
June 10, 2009
by John Stossel
"People assume someone needs to be "in charge" for a medical-care market to work. But no one needs to be in charge. What philosopher F.A. Hayek called "spontaneous order" and Adam Smith called "the invisible hand" would make it happen, just as they make it happen with food and clothing ... if only we got over the foolish belief that health care is something that must be paid for by someone else."

The Case for Real Health Care Competition: ObamaCare will restrict choice, not expand it.
August 27, 2009
by John Stossel
"Nobel laureate F.A. Hayek taught that competition is a "discovery procedure." In other words, the "data" of supply and demand emerge only through the market process. We need open-ended competition not merely to see which rival is better, but to learn things we didn't know before and aren't likely to learn any other way."

The Economics of Medical Care
by George Yossif, M.D.
"In voluntary markets, private medicine included, the key knowledge necessary for trade is conveyed by freely fluctuating prices. The price system conveys knowledge of the personal and subjective utilities of the actors, that is, of the supply and demand of various commodities and services, which cannot be compared otherwise. Demand for ordinary medical care in voluntary markets is highly elastic and medical care by physicians is largely optional, except for some categories of life-threatening conditions, few in number and low in incidence, sometimes known as “catastrophic illness.” As history shows, medical care in essentially voluntary markets tends to be accessible and affordable. Sustained price inflation in medical care is always a result of direct or indirect political intervention. The lately much-touted competition between providers is not the genuine competitive bidding for the satisfaction of the actual consumer of care, the patient, as a free market would have it. On the contrary, this politically created competition will further enhance and centralize the bureaucratic controls on medical care, thus compounding, instead of reducing, the inflationary effects of the multiple and pervasive political interventions already in operation."

The Economics of Medical Malpractice
May 30, 2006
by Russ Roberts and Alex Tabarrok
"Russ Roberts and Alex Tabarrok of George Mason University talk about medical malpractice, why insurance premiums vary by state, price gouging by insurance companies, the politics of being a judge and an idea for a new TV show using a tried-and-true formula: American Victim."

For-Profit Medicine and the Compassion Motive
by Tom G. Palmer
"Profits earned in the context of well-defined and enforced legal rights (as distinguished from the profits that accrue to being a brilliant thief) may provide the foundation not of coldness, but of compassion. The search for profit requires that the doctor consider the interests of the patient by putting himself or herself into the patient’s position, to imagine the suffering of others, to have compassion. In a free-market economy, the profit motive may be but another name for the compassion motive."

A Four-Step Health-Care Solution
April 1993
by Hans-Hermann Hoppe
"To cure the problem requires not different or more government regulations and bureaucracies, as self-serving politicians want us to believe, but the elimination of all existing government controls."

Freedom works: Health
November 3, 2007
by Mark Landsbaum
"When people are responsible for the cost of their unhealthy lifestyles, they're more likely to avoid doing what brings on costly consequences. But when others assume the cost, people are inclined to engage in riskier behavior. Consequently, many take better care of their cars than their health."

A Free Market in Human Organs
by Robert Burrage

Free-Market Medicine
August 2002
by Larry Van Heerden
"The health-care market has failed to produce high-quality, low-cost medicine for two reasons: Consumers are insulated from the cost of medical care by third-party payers, and information on the performance of competing physicians is not available. Fixing the incentives and providing consumers with physician performance data will cause unnecessary surgery to decline, physician performance to improve, disease prevention to increase, and health-care efficiency to rise."

Free Market Medicine
by James W. Brook
"I am actually a part of a small, but growing, movement of doctors who have "opted out" of the third-party payment system and simply charge patients directly. No insurance contracts, no medicare, no medicaid, just direct payment at the time of service, from the person who receives the service."

Healing America: The Free Market Instead of Government Health Care
by Jane M. Orient, M.D.
"We got ourselves into our current dilemma by trying to repeal the laws of economics, and now we are trying to cope with it by repealing the laws of ethics. We must not ignore the fact that all of this rhetoric about the “universal right to health care” has very serious implications. Being covered by health insurance by no means guarantees you medical care. On the contrary, the more medicine is socialized, the less medical care you can count on receiving. If you have the right to all the health care that society determines you are entitled to but cannot afford to provide, that means that you have no right to live."

Health Care
by Dr. Mary Ruwart
The good doctor answers tough questions about health care in a free society.

Healthcare and Insurance on a Desert Island
October 23, 2009
by Gilbert G. Berdine, M.D.
"Consider an idyllic island where there is more food and water available than what is needed by the inhabitants for sustenance. Consider, also, that there is no contact with the outside world, so this island is a closed system. For simplicity, the food source will be fish in the surrounding ocean and the water source is a lake sustained by rainfall."

Health Care’s New Entrepreneurs
by Paul Howard
"Innovators are bringing consumer-oriented medicine to market, with promising results."

Healthcare Without Government
by Joe Peacott

Healthy Competition: What’s Holding Back Health Care and How to Free It by Michael F. Cannon and Michael D. Tanner
reviewed by Robert L. Ohsfeldt
"a concise and highly readable summary of the evidence refuting the case against market competition in health care."

Holding Health Care Accountable: Law and the New Medical Marketplace by E. Haavi Morreim
reviewed by Richard A. Epstein
"In my view, it is a mistake to treat liability for medical mishaps as though it were a subject of tort law—that is, as a subject for direct judicial or legislative regulation. All the parties to the health care relationship stand in some consensual arrangement with each other, either through direct contact or through intermediates. The only way that incidents such as the bone marrow transplant misadventure will be avoided is for courts and legislatures to respect and to enforce all contracts among all players in the health care systems, subject only to the standard contractual defenses of duress, fraud, and incompetence, which should not be expanded for this occasion."

How the Free Market Would Handle Quarantines
7/16/2007
by Robert P. Murphy
"If the government relinquished its role in handling contagious diseases, the public would be far safer."

If the “Business Model” of Medicine Is Sick, What’s the Diagnosis, and What’s the Cure?
by Robert L. Ohsfeldt
"James P. Whalen is not alone in claiming that the business model of medicine has made the U.S. health-care system too expensive, inaccessible, inequitable, and mediocre. His misdiagnosis of what ails American health care, however, leads him to prescribe less of what the system needs to improve: real competition."

Independent Healthcare: Further Reflections of a Private Doctor
by Dr Robert Lefever
"I suggest that we should re-examine the ideas of our State Health and Welfare Systems—and incidentally, also our existing private medical system which is largely parasitic upon the State system—and start again with clear ideas of what we are trying to achieve and of how it can be done. We should begin by adopting the prime principle of Capitalism: paying for quality."

A Libertarian's No-Nonsense Health Care Reform Proposal
August 20, 2009
by EJ Moosa
"Is it really so difficult to improve health care in America? Here is a series of proposals that John Galt would approve in a heartbeat."

The Market Doesn’t Ration Health Care
August 7, 2009
by Sheldon Richman
"I am not denying that economic goods are by definition scarce and that at any given time we must settle for less of them than we want. I am also not denying that the marketplace is relevant in determining who gets how much of those scarce goods.
I am denying that this is appropriately called 'rationing.'”

Markets, Not Mandates: How medical markets would improve health care and reduce costs
July 28, 2009
by Ronald Bailey
"Why bother outlining a vision of how market reforms of health care might play out? Perhaps the impending collapse of top-down reform proposals will open up a policy discussion about how markets can improve health care and reduce its costs. One can dream, anyway."

New Legal Organ Market
by David Undis
"LifeSharers is a non-profit voluntary network of organ and tissue donors. Membership is free, and anybody can join at www.lifesharers.com. Members agree to donate their organs and tissue when they die, but only to fellow LifeSharers members (unless no member is a suitable match). LifeSharers members say, in effect, “You can have first dibs on my organs, but only if you agree to donate yours.” By directing their donations in this way, LifeSharers members create a pool of organs that are potentially available only to fellow members."

On a resort island, volunteerism makes a difference.
by Deborah Greensway
Retired physicians in Hilton Head, SC, give their time to help residents with little or no health insurance.

The Overlooked Solution for Health Care
August 14, 2009
by Sheldon Richman
"Anyone who thinks that the free-market solution means doing nothing is either ignorant or dishonest. Sorry, I see no other alternative. It doesn’t take much looking to see that we have nothing like a free market in medical services and insurance. Insisting we do is an effective way to assure that the free market is never considered as an alternative to the current State-ridden system."

Private is Better Than Public
by David G. Green
"It is in this sense of de-politicisation that privatisation is a good thing in itself. It allows the objectives of producers of goods and services to be self-chosen not politically-chosen."

A Pure Free Market in Medical Services: What Government Could Do to Help Our Health
July 29, 2009
by Fred E. Foldvary
"Economic theory points to a pure free market providing the most productive and equitable economy and therefore medical services. Central planners lack the knowledge to efficiently allocate resources, and politics skews the outcome towards special interests.
Here are the reforms need to have a really free market in medical services:"

The Right [that is, the only rational) Way to "Run" a Medical System
by Jan Narveson
"The correct thing to do with the Canadian, or any other top-down medical "system" is to junk it."

A Sales Pitch for Laissez-Faire Health Care
July 1995
By Daniel B. Klein
"What would it mean to establish liberty of property, consent, and contract in the area of health care?"

Saying Yes: In Defense of Drug Use by Jacob Sullum
reviewed by Richard Glen Boire
"It is difficult to imagine an open-minded person reading Sullum’s book and coming away from it without a much more informed understanding of why so many intelligent people choose to use illegal drugs."

Self-Medicating in Burma
by Kerry Howley
"Freedoms are in short supply in Burma, a country run by a hardened military, yet the freedom to treat a bout of food poisoning with pharmaceuticals was new to me. The United States is the only country in the world that divides drugs into two rigid categories of prescription-only and over-the-counter. Most other developed nations allow for a third class of drugs to be dispensed by a pharmacist, and developing nations typically do not have prescription requirements or fail to enforce them."

The Rise of Markets and the Fall of Infectious Disease
by Stephen Gold
"True, capitalism is not a magic wand. As the former Communist countries of Europe are learning, an affluent market economy takes time to develop. Still, if the lesser developed countries of the world can liberate their economies from government control and encourage private enterprise, then future generations of children there will look upon infectious diseases like typhus, cholera, and tuberculosis the way I looked upon scarlet fever—as a relic of bygone, pre-market days."

A Sales Pitch for Laissez-Faire Health Care
by Daniel B. Klein
"What would it mean to establish liberty of property, consent, and contract in the area of health care?"

The Whole Foods Alternative to ObamaCare
by John Mackay
"While we clearly need health-care reform, the last thing our country needs is a massive new health-care entitlement that will create hundreds of billions of dollars of new unfunded deficits and move us much closer to a government takeover of our health-care system. Instead, we should be trying to achieve reforms by moving in the opposite direction – toward less government control and more individual empowerment. Here are eight reforms that would greatly lower the cost of health care for everyone:"

Coercive Health Care

Death Squads and Taxes: Health Care Bogies Follow Noble Tradition
September 8, 2009
by Les Lafave
"The anti-universal health care side only has to show that it’s reasonable to fear Leviathan someday, while the pro-universal health care side needs to demonstrate that an endless, marching lowest common denominator lineage of politicians in an evolving system can all be trusted, in the face of whatever ambitions, pressures and crises might arise. In other words, the bogey burden of proof is all on one side, and pretty much 100% of the historical proof is on the other."

Do We Need State Control of Medical Care? Government-run health care cannot eliminate scarcity
July 1, 2009
by William Anderson
"From the huge regulatory burdens (with accompanying paperwork) on medical people to the third-party payments, government actions on all fronts have turned medical care into something akin to a Rube Goldberg cartoon."

National Health Care: Medicine in Germany 1918-1945
November 1993
by Marc S. Micozzi M.D.
"Politicized medicine is not a sufficient cause of the mass extermination of human beings, but it seems to be a necessary cause. The Nazi Holocaust did not happen for some inexplicable German reason; it is not an event that we can afford to ignore because we are not Germans or not Nazis. The history of Germany from 1914 to 1945 is a telescoping of modernity from monarchy, war, and collapse to democracy and the welfare state, and finally to dictatorship, war, and death."

Nationalized Health Care Will Cut Costs? It Just Ain’t So!
January 2004
by Gene Callahan and Robert Murphy
"Our preferred solution is a true free market in health care, one where anyone is permitted to provide any service he wishes, with consumers free to evaluate providers. But, indoctrinated with the notion that it is only government licensing that protects us from quacks, many Americans consider it absurd to argue that everyone should be legally allowed to practice medicine."

Pelosi/Obamacare: The Worst Bill Ever
November 11, 2009
by Peter Ferrara
"But even this label doesn’t fully communicate the outright assault on the American people involved in this legislation. The bill is not only a serious threat to your freedom and prosperity, but to your very life as well."

The Tragedy of Health Insurance: How the insurance industry has haplessly abetted the rise of a government-run health care system
October 27, 2009
by Ronald Bailey
"Given these mandated barriers, insurance companies have found that the easiest way to enter to a new state is to buy another company that is already operating in the market. It is this dynamic that is driving the trend toward consolidation in health insurance markets."

Drug Pushing

The Therapeutic State: The Tyranny of Pharmacracy
by Thomas S. Szasz
"Joining the traditional rationalizations for state coercion—“God’s will,” “the consent of the governed,” and “social justice”—comes a fourth: “coercion as treatment.” Unlike theocracy, democracy , and socialism, however, pharmacracy has met little opposition."

The Immorality of Socialized Health Care

The British Nationalized Health Service
August 1962
by George Winder
"Perhaps the greatest tragedy is that the generation of Britons now growing to manhood may un­questioningly accept the National Health Service, for they never will have known anything better."

Do No Harm
by Jane M. Orient, M.D.
"If government forces us all into a bureaucratically managed system, we will still have something called “health care,” delivered by persons called “health care providers.” But such a system will have no place for ethical physicians, whose Oath forbids them to accept a situation of conflict of interest with their patients."

Government Medicine
June 26, 2009
by Bob Murphy
"The way to fix health care is to get the government out of it. The same goes for every other "problem area" in society today."

The Healthcare “Crisis” in the USA: An Individualist Anarchist Critique
by Joe Peacott

The Health Plan's Devilish Principles
by Murray N. Rothbard
"Murray wrote against Hillary's fascisticare in 1994; his article is just as relevant to Obama's commiecare in 2009."

Heil Health
by Pierre Lemieux
"More than an epithet hurled by defensive couch potatoes, “health Nazi” is a term well grounded in history, as science historian Robert Proctor illustrates in his remarkable book, The Nazi War On Cancer. Although Proctor is correct to note that public health doesn’t imply Nazism, he fails to see that draconian public health laws require a state apparatus strong enough to crush us."

The Immorality of Government-Mandated Health Care
by Paul A. Cleveland
"National health-care insurance, or its mandated provision, is unjust. It is nothing more than a forced charity, which is no charity at all. In this vein we might flatter ourselves into believing that we are doing good works, but it simply is not true. True mercy is extended as a matter of voluntary choice. It is not forced. Government mandates which require some to provide for others is false philanthropy. It is fundamentally selfishness unleashed and it will thwart future prosperity."

Insuring Health
August 18, 2009
by Jim Davies
"Yes, politicians are malevolent or stupid, most likely the former in my view, but everyone who votes for them is complicit, up to his neck, actively taking part in the most humongous act of armed robbery in the history of man. That is not "insurance"--a perfectly sound idea involving the voluntary sharing of the risk of heavy but unpredictable loss--this is theft, neither more nor less. That is the real, moral disease that has infected the core of this society and no amount of medical care is going to cure it."

Involuntary Medical Servitude
August 26, 2009
by Maria Martins
"If the exercise of a patient's so-called "right" to healthcare imposes obligations on taxpayers to pay for it and healthcare practitioners to provide it, then it is not a right, but an attempt to enslave one part of the population for the benefit of another part."

Redistributing Health
October 12, 2009
by Alan Reynolds
"Proponents of compulsory, government-designed health insurance can't seem to understand why others disagree. Perhaps the public is realizing that these proposals are fundamentally about redistributing health?"

Slavery Is Not Freedom
October 19, 2009
by Paul Jacob
"There is one fact about the health care “reform” legislation being debated in Washington, DC, that is unavoidable. The fact that it is coercive."

Socialized Health Care: The Communist Dream and the Soviet Reality
by Anna Ebeling
"Connections, bribes, class, gender, and ethnicity heavily determined who were admitted into and graduated from medical schools throughout the Soviet Union. Thus the supplies of hospitals, physicians, medical equipment, and pharmaceuticals all became victims of socialist central planning and political priorities just like everything else in the “workers’ paradise.” At the end of the 20th century, Russia was infamous for having one of the worst health-care systems in the world."

Socialized Medicine Is the Problem
December 2001
by Walter Block
"Some people think there is something special about medical care. There is not. Yes, if we do not avail ourselves of it, we will be in dire straits. But no less can be said for food, clothing, shelter, energy, transportation—you name it. And economic law, just as in the case of chemistry or physics, is no respecter of how important an industry is to human well-being; it works just the same in medical services as for paper clips or rubber bands. Impose artificially lower prices in a market—let alone virtually zero prices as in medicine—and you guarantee a shortage."

Veterans First on Health Care
June 24, 2009
by Ray Nothstine
"The government needs to prove it can handle existing obligations before proposing the adoption of any universal government plan. If it cannot handle the challenge of caring for 8 million veterans, how will a government bureaucracy manage a system dealing with 300 million Americans?"

War (On Your Health) Is The Health Of The State
Jun 12, 2009
by Thomas L. Knapp
"The correlation between government intervention in health care and the increasing cost of health care is close enough that graphs for the two phenomena are virtually interchangeable."

What Soviet Medicine Teaches Us
August 21, 2009
by Yuri N. Maltsev
"Most countries enslaved by the Soviet empire moved out of a fully socialized system through privatization and insuring competition in the healthcare system. Others, including many European social democracies, intend to privatize the healthcare system in the long run and decentralize medical control. The private ownership of hospitals and other units is seen as a critical determining factor of the new, more efficient, and humane system."

WPC on health care
A collection of policy briefs and press releases devoted to pointing out the folly of government socialization of health care, subsidization, and other market distortions.

Mandatory Immunization

No Such Thing as a Free Flu Shot
October 19, 2009
by Malte Tobias Kahler
"Our analysis used the present threat of a "swine-flu" pandemic to illustrate the discussion about whether or not public vaccination programs can be favored from a strictly economic viewpoint. It was shown that the argument in favor of subsidizing such programs, which holds that immunization has positive externalities, does not withstand a critical examination."

Philosophy of Immunization
by Mark Moyers, D.C.
"Ninety-eight percent of all persons immunized under compulsory immunization laws never object! They don't know how! They don't know that they can! They don't know that they might want to, or why!"

National Health Insurance

Alice in Healthcareland
June 30, 2009
by Thomas Sowell
"Surgery may well cost less in countries with government-run medical systems— if you count only the money cost, and not the time the patients have to endure the ailments that require surgery, or the fact that some conditions become worse, or even fatal, while waiting."

Health Care Hysteria
July 21, 2009
by Thomas Sowell
"We are like someone being rushed by a used car dealer to sign on the dotted line. But getting stuck with a car that is a lemon is nothing compared to signing away your right to decide what medical care you or your loved ones will get in life and death situations."

Hello Dr. State
by Ron Paul
"Madam Speaker, today I am introducing the Coercion is Not Health Care Act. This legislation forbids the federal government from forcing any American to purchase health insurance, and from conditioning participation in any federal program, or receipt of any federal benefit, on the purchase of health insurance."

How Government Destroys Medical Care
February 2005
by Steven Greenhut
"The law is simple: No one may be turned away from a hospital, unless the hospital does not offer the specific services needed. Everyone must be served for free. As a result, California’s poor and uninsured often rely on emergency rooms as their mainstay for health care. They go for immunizations, check-ups, sniffles, anything. No payment required. This is a function of federal law, but the high uninsured, immigrant population in Los Angeles, combined with other state laws has made this Ground Zero for the health-care crisis."

In Health Care, Nobody Knows Anything: Two new industry studies reignite the debate about what makes health care so expensive.
October 20, 2009
by Ronald Bailey
"There is one thing that everybody should know when it comes to health care: Competition in markets tends to lower prices and improve quality over time. It can do so in health care markets as well."

The Insanity of "Universal" Medical Care
July 29, 2009
by William Anderson
"Americans do not need to destroy their healthcare system in order to "save" it. There is another path we can take, one in which we restore the free market and get the government out of the healthcare business altogether. Soon enough, this system would be the envy of the world, but it seems that the envy of the political classes is such that free markets in medical care are not in the political cards."

Insuring You Won't Cut Costs
July 08, 2009
by John Stossel
"Health care "reformers" keep talking about getting us more health insurance. Then they talk about cutting costs. This is contradictory nonsense."

Medical Technology and the State
May 2002
by Gary M. Pecquet
"Countries with nationalized health care, such as Canada, Germany, and the United Kingdom, spend much less on medical care than the United States (only 7–10 percent of GDP compared to 14 percent in the United States).7 This is not because the government is more cost-effective than health-care markets, but because there is little innovation under a nationalized system. By restricting technological advances and cutting the quality of medical care to the bone, socialized medicine can offer lunchbox medical care to everyone, but even then routine office visits and surgeries often require waiting in long lines."

National Health Insurance: A Medical Disaster
October 1992
by Jarret B. Wollstein
"Throughout the world the story is the same: socialized medicine results in skyrocketing demand for nominally “free” health care, doctors are overburdened, medical services steadily deteriorate, and there are endless waiting lists for health care."

National Socialist Fascist Communist Healthcare
August 1, 2009
by Bill Huff
"Without the AMA monopoly, and the symbiosis between doctors, Big Pharma, the FDA, and other unconstitutional government agencies, Free Medicine might truly be free to achieve its highest and noblest aspirations."

What Hunger Insurance Could Teach Us About Health Insurance
by Joseph Bast
"Our fictitious world with hunger insurance reveals how over-reliance on health insurance is at the very root of our nation’s health-care problems."

Psychiatric Prisons

The Case Against Psychiatric Coercion
by Thomas S. Szasz
"Although government-sanctioned force is used less openly today in the West to advance political and religious agendas, it is still commonly used in the name of “mental health.” The checkered history of the involuntary confinement of noncriminal “patients” reveals that this practice rests on pseudo-scientific assumptions and has undermined legal rights and individual responsibility."

Government Restrictions on Health Care

American Healthcare Fascialism
October 23, 2009
by Thomas J. DiLorenzo
"Layers of regulation plague every aspect of medical care and health insurance in America. In the health-insurance industry, for instance, each state imposes dozens of regulatory mandates on health insurers, requiring them to include coverage of everything from massage therapy to hair implants. The reason for mandates is that the message-therapy and hair-implant industries (and many others) hire lobbyists to bribe state legislators to require insurers to cover their particular practice if they want to sell insurance within a state."

The Health-Insurance Market Is Not Free
September 29, 2009
by Anton Batey
"For instance, in Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Rhode Island, and Vermont, there are regulations called "guaranteed issues." These force insurance companies to accept all comers, regardless of preexisting conditions."

Proposed cure for world’s health: Worse than the disease
November 22, 2004
by Philip Stevens
"Meanwhile, if governments really care about improving the health of the poor they should remove the barriers they put in the way of economic development and access to medicines."

Censorship of Health Information

The Health Risks of Censorship: FDA’s Advertising Regulations Cost Lives!
November 7, 1995
by Paul H. Rubin
"Regulations of truthful advertising may violate the First Amendment. But firms are unwilling to challenge it in court because the FDA wields enormous power over them. It regulates drug manufacturing and decides what drugs may be sold. Pharmaceutical companies fear that speaking out against the FDA would invite regulatory revenge."

Power-Hungry FDA Is Hazardous to Our Health
August 10, 1995
by Robert Higgs
"The FDA forbids the dissemination of information by sellers of nutritional supplements about many of the potential health benefits of vitamins and minerals. The probable harm of this censorship is immense -- comparable perhaps to the harm caused by the FDA during the decades, ending only in the early 1970s, when it prevented sellers from touting the benefits of foods low in fats and cholesterol."

Home Birth

The Home-Birth Controversy
by Hannah Lapp
"Modern America has much to say about rights and opportunities for women, even down to the right to terminate a pregnancy. However, when it comes to nurturing and bringing their offspring safely to birth, American women often find their options severely restricted."

Licensing Health-Care Workers

The British Medical Monopoly: How It Was Created, The Harm It Causes and What To Do About It
by David Gladstone

Does Physician Licensing Serve a Useful Purpose?
July 10, 2000
by Shirley V. Svorny
"Improvements in the incentives for others to monitor physicians due to shifts in liability, the growth in group practice, and peer review, and the increased ease with which this monitoring can be performed make state licensing efforts redundant to market processes."

Harming Our Health
by Mary J. Ruwart
"Licensing of health care services gives us the illusion that we are protected against selfish others who would defraud us. Instead, our aggression boomerangs back to us, costing us our wealth, our health, and our very lives."

How and How Not To De-Monopolise Medicine
by Brian Micklethwait

Medical Licensing: An Obstacle to Affordable, Quality Care
September 17, 2008
by Shirley Svorny
". . . I argue here that licensure not only fails to protect consumers from incompetent physicians, but, by raising barriers to entry, makes health care more expensive and less accessible."

The Physician Shortage: Where To From Here?
by Nadeem Esmail
"The optimal solution to Canada's physician shortage is to remove restrictions on training, practice, and pricing, and to introduce user charges."

Malaria

Our Own Silent Spring
by Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr.
"It is estimated that 800,000 children in Africa die from the disease every year, and as many as three million people altogether every year.
We know how people contract it: from mosquitoes. We know how to control it: kill the carrier mosquitoes. And we know what kills them: DDT.
So why has the war on malaria failed? Because governments banned the cure. Now they claim to wonder why people are sick and dying."

What the World Needs Now Is DDT
by Tina Rosenberg
"The move away from DDT in the 60's and 70's led to a resurgence of malaria in various countries -- Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Swaziland, South Africa and Belize, to cite a few; those countries that then returned to DDT saw their epidemics controlled. In Mexico in the 1980's, malaria cases rose and fell with the quantity of DDT sprayed. Donald Roberts, a professor at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Md., has argued that when Latin America stopped using DDT in the 1980's, malaria immediately rose, leading to more than a million extra cases a year. The one country that continued to beat malaria was Ecuador, the one country that kept using DDT."

Medical Devices

Medical Device Regulations Unneeded
December 21, 1994
by Robert Higgs
"Medical device firms, whose products range from bandages and tongue depressors to CAT scanners and artificial organs, compose one of America’s most innovative and internationally competitive industries. Unfortunately, Congress has subjected the firms to increasingly onerous regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), causing harm to the industry and the public health."

Medical Marijuana

Decriminalize marijuana
June 7, 2009
by Marie Myung-Ok Lee
"The war on drugs has caused too much collateral damage: Even the ill face stigmatization by using an alternative to harsh pharmaceuticals."

Medical Marijuana: The Real Stakes
December 16, 2004
by Jeff Jacoby
"Ashcroft v. Raich, the Supreme Court's medical marijuana case, isn't really about medical marijuana. It's about power -- the power of Congress to exert control, and the power of the Constitution to rein Congress in."

Organ Transplants

The AMA’s Opposition to Organ Markets: Time for a Change
May 16, 2002
by David L. Kaserman
"We can only hope that those who have not read the relevant studies will listen to those who have and that reason will, at last, prevail over uninformed emotion. Too many patients have died in the name of an atavistic policy whose sole "virtue" is that it denies payment to the families of potential organ donors."

The Economics of Organ Donations
June 5, 2006
by Richard Epstein and Russ Roberts
"The kidney people treat the list as though it's a sacred artifact, and, therefore, think that any effort of designation is an effort to subvert the list and to circumvent some natural priority—one that they have created."

A Free Market in Kidneys: Efficient and Equitable
by William Barnett II, Michael Saliba, and Deborah Walker
"The National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 prohibits the purchase and sale of kidneys in the United States even though thousands of Americans die or suffer each year because of the ban. A free market in kidneys, along with third-party payers, would encourage kidney donations and give rise to market competition that would increase the quality of transplants and the transplant process."

A Free Market in Kidneys Would Be Efficient and Equitable: A Case of Too Much Romance
by Michael Brooks
"Barnett, Saliba and Walker have argued that a market for kidneys can be made efficient and equitable if government acts as a third-party payer-of-last-resort. But because their analysis rests on an overly romantic view of government, their conclusion—that the medical shortage would be eliminated and everyone who could benefit from a kidney transplant would be able to get one—does not hold."

A Free Market for Human Organs
by Megan Clay and Walter Block

Fresh Kidneys for Sale: International organ markets aren't the same as slave markets.
October 13, 2009
by Ronald Bailey
"By prohibiting the development of legal markets in human organs, the United Nations is ultimately forcing more desperately poor people who wish to sell their organs into black markets, penalizing them for their poverty, and implying that they lack the ability to make rational decisions about what to do with their bodies. Paternalism is bad enough, but banning organ markets is ineffective and counterproductive paternalism at its worst."

Life-Saving Incentives: Consequences, costs and solutions to the organ shortage
April 5, 2004
by Alexander Tabarrok
"In this age of expensive medical care, many people wonder whether financial compensation for organ donation would be too expensive. In fact, we can save money while saving lives."

We Favor a Freer Market in Kidneys
by William Barnett II, Michael Saliba, and Deborah Walker
"Contra Brooks, the Barnett-Saliba-Walker analysis was not intended to justify the government’s acting as a payer-of-last-resort. A totally free market in kidneys—one without government subsides and without the prohibition of sale and purchase of kidneys, but also without other currently imposed supply-restricting interventions—would meet Brooks’s efficiency concerns and would be more equitable than the current system."

Pharmaceuticals

The Day the FDA Took a Cancer Cure Away
by Bill Sardi
"The FDA recalled a valid cure for cancer because it was mislabeled, not because it was ineffective. The FDA enforced a product recall that doomed men to their certain early demise."

Economists Against the FDA
September 1, 2000
by Daniel B. Klein
"Economists from Adam Smith to Milton Friedman have had the unenviable task of pointing out that popular, well-intentioned cures are often worse than the disease. Economists seem nasty when they report that the FDA is bad medicine. People don’t like to hear that they have bought into quackery. In collective decision-making, quackery often prevails over sense."

The FDA Needs a Big Dose of Economics
October 25, 2002
by Alexander Tabarrok and Daniel B. Klein
"In trying to eliminate bad drugs, the FDA prevents or delays many good drugs from reaching Americans. Sam Peltzman was one of the first economists to do the grisly math. His work shows that lives saved by FDA restrictions are few compared with the lives that would be saved by drugs that would be available if the FDA weren’t blocking the way."

FDA's Bad Medicine
June 17, 2009
by Gregory Conko, Jerome Arnett
"In his first two months, Sharfstein's FDA has threatened to regulate Cheerios as a drug because its label says it can help lower your cholesterol and proposed action against drug companies because Google Internet searches for their products don't show enough safety information."

FDA Seeks to Ban Pyridoxamine
by William Faloon
"The FDA's twisted position is that if vitamin companies can offer low-cost pyridoxamine supplements, then there is no incentive for a drug company to invest hundreds of millions of dollars getting it approved as a prescription drug. Said differently, to protect the financial interests of a pharmaceutical company, the FDA is willing to deny every health-conscious American access to the life-saving benefits of pyridoxamine, which include preventing the very disease the drug company is seeking to have pyridoxamine approved to treat!"

Increasing Access to Pharmaceuticals
by Doug Bandow
"Paternalism remains a powerful influence in Washington. But it is time for patients and doctors, insurers and hospitals, pharmaceutical firms and device manufacturers, senior citizens and healthy young people to together say 'No more.'”

Locking Up Life-Saving Drugs
by Kerry Howley
"Prescription laws make us sicker and poorer."

Protecting Ourselves to Death
by Mary J. Ruwart
"By using aggression to avoid medications that harm us, we lose access to life-saving drugs."

A World Without the FDA
September 1999
by Russell Roberts
"Would a world without an FDA and prescriptions be a better world? The answer depends on how many lives would be lost from mistakes and how many lives would be saved by the wider and earlier availability of drugs. It would also depend on the value you place on putting responsibility in our own hands rather than having the government take responsibility for us."

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This page was last updated on November 20, 2009.